![](http://datasheet.mmic.net.cn/280000/HPMX-7201_datasheet_16074955/HPMX-7201_14.png)
14
Figure 33. E xpected Power and Voltage Levels.
Applications Notes
This chip is part of Agilent’s
CDMA Chipset solution. CDMA,
or Code Division Multiple Access,
uses correlative codes to distin-
guish one user from another.
Frequency divisions are also
used, but in a much larger band-
width (1.25 MHz) than in AMPS
(Advanced Mobile Phone System)
applications. In CDMA, a single
user’s channel consists of a
specific frequency combined with
a unique code. Channels with
other codes appear to a receiver
as uncorrelated interference.
CDMA also uses sectored cells to
increase capacity. One of the
major differences in CDMA is its
ability to use the same frequency
in all sectors of all cells.
Capacity in a CDMA system can
be increased by minimizing the
interference caused by other
users (each with their own code)
on the CDMA channel. Since
each users transmitted signal
appears as interference to all
other users, having the mobile-
stations transmit at the lowest
possible power is especially
important for CDMA systems,
although it is important for all
multiple access systems to reduce
interference.
To accomplish this, the CDMA
base-station establishes a very
tight closed-loop control of the
output power of each mobile,
commanding it to adjust its
power up or down by 1 dB every
1.25 ms, with the goal of setting
the power received at the base-
station antenna to the minimum
required. As a mobile station
traverses a cell, its output power
will be decreased when it
approaches the base-station, and
it will be increased as it gets
farther away from the center of
the cell.
The main objective, as explained
above, for continuously adjusting
the output power of a mobile in a
CDMA system is to optimize
capacity. Using adaptive-bias
techniques in the RF section of
CDMA mobile phones, the closed-
loop requirements can be
capitalized on to provide
enhanced standby and talk-time
performance, while at the same
time delivering superior linearity
at high output powers.
TRANSMIT POWER AT ANTENNA (dBm)
P
-60
40
5
4
3
2
1
0
-20
-40
20
0
urban
suburban
Figure 34: Probability Distribution of
Mobile Transmit Power.
The TIA/EIA-98-C CDMA standard
requires the output power of the
mobile-station to vary from –50 to
+23 dBm (TIA/EIA-98-C,
Recom-
mended minimum performance
standards for dual-mode spread
spectrum mobile-stations
). The
CDMA Development Group
(CDG) has published statistical
profiles for the mobile-station
transmit power, that were gener-
ated from actual field test data
from deployed CDMA units.
Figure 34 shows the probability
distributions for urban and
suburban topographies. It is
rather clear from inspecting the
curves in Figure 34, that the
average transmit power in the
mobile (10.6 dBm – suburban,
480 mVp-p
SSB mixer
ampsMixOut
ampsDrvIn
RfTxAgc
ampsDrvOut
+10 dBm
cdmaDrvOut1
cdmaDrvOut2
-20 to +12 dBm
cdmaDrvIn
cdmaOutSel
cdmaMixOut
ifIn
LoIn
-11 dBm
-7 dBm
Single Ended
-7 dBm
Single Ended
-11 dBm
optional