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AD9954
Programming the Ramp Rate Timer
The linear sweep ramp rate timer is a loadable down counter
that, when enabled, continuously counts down from the loaded
value to a count of 1. When in a rising transition, the loaded
value is the RSRRW; when in a falling transition, the value is the
FSRRW. When the ramp rate timer equals 1, the proper
RFDTW or FDFTW is loaded and the counter begins counting
down to 1 again. This load and count down operation continues
for as long as the timer is enabled, unless the timer is forced to
load before reaching a count of 1.
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The ramp timer can be loaded before reaching a count of 1 by
three methods.
Method one is by changing the PS<0> input pin. When the
PS<0> input pin changes from a Logic 0 to a Logic 1, the
RSRRW value is loaded into the ramp rate timer, which then
proceeds to count down as normal. When the Profile<0> input
pin changes from a Logic 1 to a Logic 0, the FSRR value is
loaded into the ramp rate timer, which then proceeds to count
down as normal.
The second method in which the sweep ramp rate timer can be
loaded before reaching a count of 1 is if the CFR1<15> bit is set
and an I/O UPDATE is issued. If sweep is enabled and
CFR1<15> is set, the ramp rate timer loads the value deter-
mined by the Profile<0> pin every time an I/O UPDATE is
issued. If the Profile<0> pin is low (high), the ramp rate timer
loads the FSRRW (RSRRW).
The last method in which the sweep ramp rate timer can be
loaded before reaching a count of 1 is going from the inactive
linear sweep mode to the active linear sweep mode. That is
when the sweep enable bit is being set. The ramp rate loaded is a
function of the Profile<0> input pin.
Continuous and “Clear and Release” Frequency and Phase
Accumulator Clear Functions
The AD9954 allows for a programmable continuous zeroing of
the frequency sweep logic and the phase accumulator as well as
a clear and release or automatic zeroing function. Each feature is
individually controlled via Bits CFR1. CFR1<14> is the auto-
matic clear frequency accumulator bit and CFR1<13> is the
automatic clear phase accumulator bit. The continuous clear
bits are located in CFR1<11:10>, where CFR1<11> clears the
frequency accumulator and CFR1<10> clears the phase accu-
mulator.
Continuous Clear Bits
The continuous clear bits are simply static control signals that,
when active high, hold the respective accumulator at zero for
the entire time the bit is active. When the bit goes low, inactive,
the respective accumulator is allowed to operate.
Clear and Release Function
The auto clear frequency accumulator bit, when set, clears
and releases the frequency accumulator upon receiving an I/O
UPDATE signal or change in one of the profile pins. The auto
clear phase accumulator, when set, clears and releases the phase
accumulator upon receiving an I/O UPDATE or change on one
of the profile pins. The automatic clearing function is repeated
for every subsequent I/O UPDATE or change on one of the
profile pins until the appropriate auto-clear control bit is
cleared.
Note that these bits are programmed independently and do not
have to be active at the same time. For example, one accumula-
tor may be using the clear and release function while the other
is continuously cleared.
Programming AD9954 Features
Phase Offset Control
A 14-bit phase offset (θ) may be added to the output of the
phase accumulator by means of the control registers. This fea-
ture provides the user with three different methods of phase
control.
The first method is a static phase adjustment, where a fixed
phase offset is loaded into the appropriate phase offset register
and left unchanged. The result is that the output signal is offset
by a constant angle relative to the nominal signal. This allows
the user to phase align the DDS output with some external sig-
nal, if necessary.
The second method of phase control is where the user regularly
updates the phase offset register via the I/O port. By properly
modifying the phase offset as a function of time, the user can
implement a phase modulated output signal. However, both the
speed of the I/O port and the frequency of SYSCLK limit the
rate at which phase modulation can be performed.
The third method of phase control involves the RAM and the
profile input pins. The AD9954 can be configured such that the
RAM drives the phase adjust circuitry. The user can control the
phase offset via the RAM in an identical manner allowed for
frequency sweeping. See the RAM Controlled Modes of Opera-
tion and the Linear Sweep Mode sections for details.
Shaped On-Off Keying
The shaped on-off keying function of the AD9954 allows the
user to control the ramp-up and ramp-down time of an on-off
emission from the DAC. This function is used in burst trans-
missions of digital data to reduce the adverse spectral impact of
short, abrupt bursts of data.
Auto and manual shaped on-off keying modes are supported.
The auto mode generates a linear scale factor at a rate deter-
mined by the amplitude ramp rate (ARR) register controlled by
an external pin (OSK). Manual mode allows the user to directly