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Semiconductor Group
2
Functional Description
Combined with a VCO (tuner) the SDA 3302 device, with four hardware-switched chip
addresses, forms a digitally programmable phase-locked loop for use in television sets with
PLL frequency-synthesis tuning.
The PLL permits precise crystal-controlled setting of the frequency of the tuner oscillators
between 16 and 1300 MHz in increments of 62.5 kHz. The tuning process is controlled by a
microprocessor via an
I
2
C bus. The crystal oscillator generates a sinusoidal signal suppressing
the higher-order harmonics, which reduces the moiré noise considerably.
Circuit Description
Tuning Section
(refer to block diagram)
UHF/VHF
The tuner signal is capacitively coupled at the UHF/VHF input and
subsequently amplified. The reference input REF should be decoupled to
ground using a capacitor of low series inductance. The signal passes
through an asynchronous divider with a fixed ratio of
P
= 8, an adjustable
divider with ratio
N
= 256 through 32767 and is then compared in a digital
phase/frequency detector to a reference frequency
f
REF
of 7.8125 kHz. The
latter is derived from a balanced, low-impedance 4 MHz crystal oscillator
Q1, Q2
(pin Q1, Q2), whose output signal is divided by
Q
= 512.
The phase detector has two outputs UP and DOWN that drive the two current
sources
I
+ and
I
– of a charge pump. If the negative edge of the divided VCO
signal appears prior to the negative edge of the reference signal, the
I
+
current source pulses for the duration of the phase difference. In the reverse
case the
I
– current source pulses.
PD, UD
When the two signals are in phase, the charge-pump output (PD) goes high-
impedance (PLL is locked). An active low-pass filter integrates the current
pulses to generate the tuning voltage for the VCO (internal amplifier an
external transistor at the UD output and an external RC circuitry). The
charge-pump output can also be set to high-impedance state when control
bit T0 = 1. Here it should be noted, however, that the tuning voltage can alter
over a long period in the high-impedance state as a result of self-discharge
in the peripheral circuitry. UD can be disconnected internally by the control
bit OS to enable external adjustments.
By means of a control bit 5I the pump current can be switched between two
values by software. This switchover permits alteration of the control
response of the PLL in the locked-in state. In this way different VCO gains in
the different TV bands can be compensated for example.
REF
SDA 3302 Family