![](http://datasheet.mmic.net.cn/ON-Semiconductor/NE570DR2_datasheet_106405/NE570DR2_4.png)
NE570
http://onsemi.com
4
13
2, 15
4
1, 16
5, 12
8, 9
7, 10
6, 11
V1
V2
VO
VCC = 15 V
VREF
10
mF
0.1
mF
200 pF
8.2 k
W
2.2
mF
+
30 k
W
20 k
W
DG
10 k
W
20 k
W
2.2
mF
3, 14
2.2
mF
Figure 3. Typical Test Circuit
INTRODUCTION
Much interest has been expressed in high performance
electronic gain control circuits. For noncritical applications,
an integrated circuit operational transconductance amplifier
can be used, but when highperformance is required, one has
to resort to complex discrete circuitry with many expensive,
wellmatched
components.
This paper
describes an
inexpensive integrated circuit, the NE570 Compandor, which
offers a pair of high performance gain control circuits
featuring low distortion (<0.1 %), high signaltonoise ratio
(90 dB), and wide dynamic range (110 dB).
CIRCUIT BACKGROUND
The NE570 Compandor was originally designed to satisfy
the requirements of the telephone system. When several
telephone channels are multiplexed onto a common line, the
resulting signaltonoise ratio is poor and companding is
used to allow a wider dynamic range to be passed through the
channel. Figure
4 graphically shows what a compandor can
do for the signaltonoise ratio of a restricted dynamic range
channel. The input level range of +20 dB to 80 dB is shown
undergoing a 2to1 compression where a 2.0 dB input level
change is compressed into a 1.0 dB output level change by the
compressor. The original 100 dB of dynamic range is thus
compressed to a 50 dB range for transmission through a
restricted dynamic range channel. A complementary
expansion on the receiving end restores the original signal
levels and reduces the channel noise by as much as 45 dB.
The significant circuits in a compressor or expander are
the rectifier and the gain control element. The phone system
requires a simple fullwave averaging rectifier with good
accuracy, since the rectifier accuracy determines the (input)
output level tracking accuracy. The gain cell determines the
distortion and noise characteristics, and the phone system
specifications here are very loose. These specs could have
been met with a simple operational transconductance
multiplier, or OTA, but the gain of an OTA is proportional
to temperature and this is very undesirable. Therefore, a
linearized transconductance multiplier was designed which
is insensitive to temperature and offers low noise and low
distortion performance. These features make the circuit
useful in audio and data systems as well as in
telecommunications systems.
INPUT
LEVEL
COMPRESSION
EXP
ANSION
OUTPUT
LEVEL
NOISE
+20
0 dB
40
80
20
0 dB
40
80
Figure 4. Restricted Dynamic Range Channel