12V PWM Controller with Hot-Swap
12   ______________________________________________________________________________________
Detailed Description
The MAX5950 is a PWM, step-down, DC-DC controller
with integrated hot-swap controller. The device oper-
ates over the 8V to 16V or 5V ?0% (V
IN
= V
PWM_IN
=
V
REG
) input-voltage range and provides an adjustable
output from 0.8V to 5.5V. The device delivers up to 10A
of load current with excellent load-and-line regulation.
The MAX5950 features a hot-swap controller that pro-
vides inrush current control during module insertion and
removal, as well as short-circuit protection during normal
operation. Normally, when a line card is plugged into a
live backplane, the cards discharged filter capacitors
provide a low impedance that can momentarily cause
the main power supply to collapse. The MAX5950 pro-
vides inrush current limiting by slowly enhancing the
pass transistor (nMOS) when the board is plugged in,
allowing the system to stabilize safely. The device pro-
vides short-circuit protection by disconnecting the load
in the event of a fault condition. The MAX5950 features
an internal charge pump that provides the gate drive for
the external n-channel MOSFET.
The MAX5950 PWM controller utilizes a voltage-mode
control scheme for good noise immunity and offers
external compensation, allowing for maximum flexibility
with a wide selection of inductor values and capacitor
types. The device operates at a fixed switching fre-
quency that is programmable from 100kHz to 1MHz
and can be synchronized to an external clock signal
through the SYNC input. The device includes UVLO
and digital soft-start. Protection features include valley-
mode current limit, hiccup-mode output short-circuit
protection, and thermal shutdown.
The MAX5950 is optimized for PCIe ExpressModule
power-management application. Table 1 shows the
PCIe ExpressModule power-supply rail requirements.
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
21
FB
Feedback Regulation Point. Connect to the center tap of a resistive divider from the converter output
to AGND to set the output voltage. The FB voltage regulates to the reference voltage.
22
SENSE
Output Voltage Sense. Connect a resistive divider from the converter output to SENSE to AGND to
monitor the programmed output voltage. SENSE is compared to the internal reference, V
REF
.
23
ILIM
Valley Current-Limit Set Output. Connect a 25k& to 175k& resistor, R
ILIM
, from ILIM to AGND to
program the valley current-limit threshold from 50mV to 350mV. ILIM sources 20礎(chǔ) out to R
ILIM
. The
resulting voltage divided by 10 is the valley current limit. Alternatively, a resistive divider from REG to
ILIM to AGND can be used to set the valley current limit.
24
CS+
Positive Current-Sense Input. Connect CS+ to the synchronous MOSFET source (connected to
PGND).
25
CS-
Negative Current-Sense Input. Connect CS- to the synchronous MOSFET drain (connected to LX).
26
PGND
Power-Ground Connection. Connect the input filter capacitors negative terminal, the source of the
synchronous MOSFET, and the output filter capacitors return to PGND. Connect externally to AGND
at a single point near the input capacitor return terminal.
27
DL
Low-Side Gate-Driver Output. DL is the gate-driver output for the synchronous MOSFET.
28
DREG
Gate-Drive Supply for the Low-Side MOSFET Driver. Connect externally to REG and anode of the
boost diode.
29
LX
Source Connection of the High-Side MOSFET and Drain Connection of the Synchronous MOSFET.
Connect the inductor and the negative side of the boost capacitor to LX.
30
DH
High-Side Gate-Driver Output. DH drives the gate of the high-side MOSFET.
31
BST
High-Side Gate-Driver Supply. Connect BST to the cathode of the boost diode and to the positive
terminal of the boost capacitor.
32
REG
5V Regulator Output. Bypass with a 2.2礔 ceramic capacitor to AGND.
EP
Exposed Pad. Connect the exposed pad to AGND.