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LTC4155
20
4155f
discharged. This feature allows instant-on operation
when the low state of charge would otherwise prevent
operation of the system. If the system load plus battery
charger load exceeds the available input power, battery
charge current will be sacrificed to prioritize the system
load and maintain the switching regulator output voltage
while continuing to observe the input current limit. If the
system load alone exceeds the power available from the
input, the output voltage must fall to deliver the additional
current, with supplemental current eventually being sup-
plied by the battery.
Input Current Regulation
To meet the maximum load specification of the available
supply(USB/walladapter),theswitchingregulatorcontains
a measurement and control system which ensures that
the average input current is below the level programmed
at the CLPROG1 or CLPROG2 pin and the I2C port. Con-
nectingasingle1%toleranceresistoroftherecommended
valuetoboththeCLPROG1andCLPROG2pinsguarantees
compliance with the 2.5mA, 100mA, 500mA, and 900mA
USB 2.0/3.0 current specifications, while also permitting
other I2C selectable current limits up to 3A. The input
current limit is independently selectable for each of the
two inputs, with the USBILIM[4:0] and WALLILIM[4:0]
bits in the I2C port. The USB input current limit setting
resets to 100mA when power is removed from its respec-
tive input. The WALL input current limit setting resets to
100mA when power is removed from both the USB and
WALLinputs.RefertoAlternateDefaultInputCurrentLimit
in the Operation section to program a non USB compli-
ant default input current limit for use with wall adapters
or other power sources. Refer to Table 8 for a complete
listing of I2C programmable input current limit settings.
Ifthecombinedexternalloadplusbatterychargecurrentis
largeenoughtocausetheswitchingpowersupplytoreach
the programmed input current limit, the battery charger
will reduce its charge current by precisely the amount
necessary to enable the external load to be satisfied. Even
if the battery charge current is programmed to exceed
the allowable input power, the specification for average
input current will not be violated; the battery charger will
reduce its current as needed. Furthermore, if the load at
VOUTexceedstheprogrammedpowerlevelfromVBUS,the
extra load current will be drawn from the battery via the
ideal diode independent of whether the battery charger is
enabled or disabled.
Input Undervoltage Current Limit
TheLTC4155cantoleratearesistiveconnectiontotheinput
power source by automatically reducing power transmis-
sion as the VBUS pin drops to 4.3V preventing a possible
UVLO oscillation. The undervoltage current limit feature
can be disabled by I2C using the DISABLE_INPUT_UVCL
bit. Refer to Table 5.
USB On-The-Go 5V Boost Converter
The LTC4155 switching regulator can be operated in
reverse to deliver power from the battery to VBUS while
boosting the VBUS voltage to 5V. This mode can be used
to implement features such as USB On-The-Go without
any additional magnetics or other external components.
The step-up switching regulator may be enabled in one
of two ways. The LTC4155 can optionally monitor the ID
pin of a USB cable and autonomously start the step-up
regulator when a host-side A/B connector is detected with
agroundedIDpin.Theswitchingregulatormayalsobeen-
ableddirectlywiththeREQUEST_OTGI2Ccommand.Note
that the step-up regulator will not operate if input power is
present on either the USB or WALL input, or if the battery
voltageisbelowVLOWBAT,typically2.8V.TheI2Cstatusbits
OTG_ENABLED, LOWBAT and OTG_FAULT can be used to
determine if the step-up converter is running. Refer to ID
PinDetectionintheOperationsectionformoreinformation
about the autonomous step-up regulator start-up.
Thestep-upregulatoronlyprovidespowertotheUSBinput.
It is not possible to provide power to the WALL input. The
I2C PRIORITY setting has no effect on step-up regulator
operation. Refer to Dual Input Overvoltage Protection and
Undervoltage Lockout in the Operation section for more
information about multiple input operation.
The switching regulator is guaranteed to deliver 500mA
to VBUS and will limit its output current to approximately
800mA while allowing VBUS to fall when overloaded. If
a short-circuit fault is detected, the channel will be shut
down after approximately 8ms and the problem will be
reported with the I2C status bit OTG_FAULT.
OPERATION