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AD9267
Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 24
The second mode bypasses the clock multiplier circuitry and
allows the clock to be directly sourced. This mode enables the
user to source a very high quality clock directly to the Σ-Δ
modulator. Sourcing the clock directly may be necessary in
demanding applications that require the lowest possible output
noise. Refer t
o Figure 18, which shows the degradation in SNR
performance for the various PLL settings.
In either case, when using the on-chip clock multiplier or
sourcing the high speed clock directly, it is necessary that the
clock source have low jitter to maximize the Σ-Δ modulator
noise performance. High speed, high resolution ADCs and
modulators are sensitive to the quality of the clock input. As
jitter increases, the SNR performance of the AD9267 degrades
from that specified i
n Table 2. The jitter inherent to the part due
to the PLL root sum squares with any external clock jitter,
thereby degrading performance. To prevent jitter from dominating
the performance of the AD9267, the input clock source should be
no greater than 1 ps rms of jitter.
The CLK± inputs are self-biased to 450 mV (see
Figure 21); if
dc-coupled, it is important to maintain the specified 450 mV
input common-mode voltage. Each input pin can safely swing
from 200 mV p-p to 1 V p-p single-ended about the 450 mV
common-mode voltage. The recommended clock inputs are
CMOS or LVPECL.
The specified clock rate of the Σ-Δ modulator, fMOD, is 640 MHz.
The clock rate possesses a direct relationship with the available
input bandwidth of the ADC.
Bandwidth = fMOD ÷ 64
In either case, using the on-chip clock multiplier to generate the
Σ-Δ modulator clock rate or directly sourcing the clock, any
deviation from 640 MHz results in a change in input bandwidth.
The input range of the clock is limited to 640 MHz ± 5%.
Direct Clocking
The default configuration of the AD9267 is for direct clocking
method for clocking the AD9267. A low jitter clock source is
converted from a single-ended signal to a differential signal
using an RF transformer. The back-to-back Schottky diodes
across the secondary side of the transformer limits clock
excursions into the AD9267 to approximately 0.8 V p-p differen-
tial. This helps prevent the large voltage swings of the clock
from feeding through to other portions of the AD9267 while
preserving the fast rise and fall times of the signal, which are
critical to achieving low jitter.
CLOCK
INPUT
XFMR
MINI-CIRCUITS
TC1-1-13M+, 1:1
SCHOTTKY
DIODES:
HSM2812
50
CLK+
CLK–
0.1F
ADC
AD9267
0.1F
0
77
73
-0
53
Figure 38. Transformer-Coupled Differential Clock
If a differential clock is not available, the AD9267 can be driven
by a single-ended signal into the CLK+ terminal with the CLK
terminal ac-coupled to ground.
Figure 39 shows the circuit
configuration.
SCHOTTKY
DIODES:
HSM2812
50
CLK+
CLK–
0.1F
ADC
AD9267
CLOCK
INPUT
0
77
73
-05
4
Figure 39. Single-Ended Clock
Another option is to ac couple a differential LVPECL signal to
family of clock drivers is recommended because it offers excellent
jitter performance.
100
240
240
50
1
150
RESISTORS ARE OPTIONAL.
50
1
CLK+
CLK–
0.1F
ADC
AD9267
CLOCK
INPUT
CLOCK
INPUT
0.1F
CLK
AD951x
LVPECL
DRIVER
CLK
0
7773-
05
5
Figure 40. Differential LVPECL Sample Clock
Internal PLL Clock Distribution
The alternative clocking option available on the AD9267 is to
apply a low frequency reference clock and use the on-chip clock
multiplier to generate the high frequency fMOD rate. The internal
PHASE
DETECTOR
DIVIDER
PLLMULT
0x0A[5:0]
CLK±
MODULATOR
CLOCK
640MSPS
PLLENABLE
0x09[2]
÷N
LOOP
FILTER
VCO
PLL
÷2
07
77
3-
04
0
Figure 41. Internal Clock Architecture
The clock multiplication circuit operates such that the VCO
outputs a frequency, fVCO, equal to the reference clock input
multiplied by N
fVCO = (CLK±) × (N)
where N is the PLL multiplication (PLLMULT) factor.
The Σ-Δ modulator clock frequency, fMOD, is equal to
fMOD = fVCO ÷ 2