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AD7686
Rev. B | Page 14 of 28
ANALOG INPUT
Figure 27 shows an equivalent circuit of the input structure
of the AD7686. The two diodes, D1 and D2, provide ESD
protection for the analog inputs IN+ and IN. Care must be
taken to ensure that the analog input signal never exceeds the
supply rails by more than 0.3 V because this causes these
diodes to begin to forward-bias and start conducting current.
These diodes can handle a forward-biased current of 130 mA
maximum. For instance, these conditions could eventually
occur when the input buffer’s (U1) supplies are different from
VDD. In such a case, an input buffer with a short-circuit
current limitation can be used to protect the part.
CIN
RIN
D1
D2
CPIN
IN+
OR IN–
GND
VDD
02
96
9-
02
7
Figure 27. Equivalent Analog Input Circuit
The analog input structure allows the sampling of the
differential signal between IN+ and IN. By using this
differential input, small signals common to both inputs are
rejected, as shown in
Figure 28, which represents the typical
CMRR over frequency. For instance, by using IN to sense a
remote signal ground, ground potential differences between
the sensor and the local ADC ground are eliminated.
0
29
69-
028
FREQUENCY (kHz)
10000
1
10
100
1000
CM
RR
(
d
B)
80
70
60
50
40
VDD = 5V
Figure 28. Analog Input CMRR vs. Frequency
During the acquisition phase, the impedance of the analog
inputs (IN+ or IN) can be modeled as a parallel combination
of capacitor, CPIN, and the network formed by the series
connection of RIN and CIN. CPIN is primarily the pin capacitance.
RIN is typically 600 Ω and is a lumped component made up of
some serial resistors and the on resistance of the switches. CIN is
typically 30 pF and is mainly the ADC sampling capacitor.
During the conversion phase, where the switches are opened,
the input impedance is limited to CPIN. RIN and CIN make a
1-pole, low-pass filter that reduces undesirable aliasing effects
and limits the noise.
When the source impedance of the driving circuit is low, the
AD7686 can be driven directly. Large source impedances
significantly affect the ac performance, especially THD. The dc
performances are less sensitive to the input impedance. The
maximum source impedance depends on the amount of THD
that can be tolerated. The THD degrades as a function of the
source impedance and the maximum input frequency, as shown
0
29
69-
030
FREQUENCY (kHz)
100
025
50
75
T
HD
(
d
B)
–80
–85
–90
–95
–100
–105
–110
RS = 33
RS = 50
RS = 100
RS = 250
Figure 29. THD vs. Analog Input Frequency and Source Resistance