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Definitions
3
TPS202x/3x and TPS204x/5x USB Power Distribution
Definitions
Bus-powered hub –
Bus-powered hubs (BPH) obtain all power from
upstream ports and often contain a nonremovable function. One typical BPH
application is a keyboard. The total current drawn by a BPH is the sum of the
hub controller current, nonremovable function, and downstream port and is
no greater than 500 mA or 5 unit loads. Each port must distribute 1 unit load.
Current limit –
USB specification requires SPHs to limit current to
downstream ports and report over-current conditions to the controller.
Downstream port
–
A port that is electrically further from the host and
generates downstream data traffic from the hub.
Dynamic attach and detach –
To attach or remove devices while host is in
operation (hot-plug, unplug event).
High-power, bus-powered function
–
All power to these devices comes
from the upstream port. Its current draw can be 1 unit load before
configuration and up to 5 unit loads after configuration.
Host
–
The host computer system where the USB host controller is installed.
Inrush current –
The current surge into uncharged downstream input
capacitors.
Low-power, bus-powered function
–
All power to these devices comes
from the upstream port. Its current draw is less than 1 unit load.
Power Switching –
USB specification requires BPHs to power switch
downstream ports to limit aggregate current draw of the controller, function,
and ports to less than 100 mA before enumeration.
Self-powered function
–
May draw up to 1 unit load from the upstream port.
The remainder of power is provided from a local power supply.
Self-powered hub
–
Self-powered hubs (SPH) have a local power supply
that power nonremovable functions and the downstream ports. Typical
self-powered hubs are PCs, monitors, printers, and stand alone hubs. The
SPH is required to have current limit and report overcurrent conditions. The
SPH must be able to supply 5 unit loads to all external downstream ports even
when the hub is in a suspended state. A battery-powered SPH may configure
for 1 unit load or 5 unit loads of output current per port.
Unit load
–
One unit load is 100 mA.
Upstream port
–
The port on a device that is electrically closer to the host
and generates upstream data traffic from the hub.
USB
–
Universal Serial Bus
Voltage droop
–
The momentary drop in voltage under transient load
conditions.
Voltage regulation
–
The difference in DC voltage levels under continuous
load and no-load conditions.