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Applications
9-61
MC68360 USER’S MANUAL
9.6.4 Functional Description
The 53C90 SCSI controller consists of three major sections: the processor interface, the
data path, and the logic block. The processor interface includes the 8-bit data bus, parity bit,
chip select, read/write strobes, A0–A3 address lines, interrupt request, and DMA signals.
The data path consists of a 16-byte FIFO, parity generation, DMA interface, and SCSI data
and control bus inputs/outputs.
The logic block consists of a hierarchy of sequencers that direct the SCSI bus control signal
timing. The 53C90 has a set of on-chip state machines that directly perform many SCSI
sequences. The instruction sequencer and master sequencer provide control of these state
machines. Since the 53C90 has no real decision-making capability, it relies on the CPU32+
for supervisory control and for integrating the performed SCSI sequences into complete
operations. Processor service is requested through a standard interrupt structure, and the
53C90 reports the status through its register set.
Overall control of the 53C90 is done through the processor interface. The processor data
bus and associated control signals provide the means to initialize and set the operating
mode of the SCSI as well as provide the data path for information swapping. The processor
can write to a set of 12 registers, instructing the 53C90 what function to perform, then read
another set of registers to determine the status.
Once the 53C90 starts executing, all data transfers are handled by the DMA. Since the
53C90 does not have an onboard DMA controller, it relies on one of the two independent
DMA (IDMA) channels of the QUICC. In this case, IDMA1 is arbitrarily chosen. IDMA1 of the
QUICC moves the data to and from the 53C90 FIFO. The FIFO provides a 9-bit-wide by 16-
byte-deep buffer. It can be accessed by either the IDMA or the processor at register address
$02 and can be read or written as a register. The bottom of the FIFO is read and unloaded
while the top is written to and loaded.
Therefore, for an SCSI transfer to occur, the processor has to initialize the 53C90 by writing
to its registers, initialize IDMA1 by setting up its registers, and then monitor the status of the
53C90.
Table 9-2 lists the read and write registers in the 53C90.
Table 9-3. 53C90 Read and Write Registers
Address (Hex)
Read Register
Write Register
$00
Transfer Counter LSB
$01
Transfer Counter MSB
$02
FIFO
$03
Instruction Executing
Instruction Holding
$04
Status
Destination ID
$05
Interrupt
Select/Reselect Timeout
$06
Sequence Step
Synchronous Period
$07
FIFO Flags/Seq. Step
Synchronous Offset
$08
Configuration 1
$09
Reserved
Clock Conversion (Presel)
$0A
Reserved
Test Mode
$0B
Configuration 2
$0C-$0F
Reserved
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
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