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MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
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11
Shutdown
The MAX9700 has a shutdown mode that reduces power
consumption and extends battery life. Driving
SHDN low
places the MAX9700 in a low-power (0.1A) shutdown
mode. Connect
SHDN to VDD for normal operation.
Click-and-Pop Suppression
The MAX9700 features comprehensive click-and-pop
suppression that eliminates audible transients on start-
up and shutdown. While in shutdown, the H-bridge is in
a high-impedance state. During startup or power-up,
the input amplifiers are muted and an internal loop sets
the modulator bias voltages to the correct levels, pre-
venting clicks and pops when the H-bridge is subse-
quently enabled. For 35ms following startup, a soft-start
function gradually unmutes the input amplifiers.
Applications Information
Filterless Operation
Traditional class D amplifiers require an output filter to
recover the audio signal from the amplifier’s output. The
filters add cost, increase the solution size of the amplifi-
er, and can decrease efficiency. The traditional PWM
scheme uses large differential output swings (2 x VDD
peak-to-peak) and causes large ripple currents. Any
parasitic resistance in the filter components results in a
loss of power, lowering the efficiency.
The MAX9700 does not require an output filter. The
device relies on the inherent inductance of the speaker
coil and the natural filtering of both the speaker and the
human ear to recover the audio component of the
square-wave output. Eliminating the output filter results
in a smaller, less costly, more efficient solution.
Because the frequency of the MAX9700 output is well
beyond the bandwidth of most speakers, voice coil
movement due to the square-wave frequency is very
small. Although this movement is small, a speaker not
designed to handle the additional power can be dam-
aged. For optimum results, use a speaker with a series
inductance >10H. Typical 8Ω speakers exhibit series
inductances in the 20H to 100H range.
Power-Conversion Efficiency
Unlike a class AB amplifier, the output offset voltage of
a class D amplifier does not noticeably increase quies-
cent current draw when a load is applied. This is due to
Figure 3. MAX9700 EMI Spectrum
30.0
60.0
80.0
100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0
280.0 300.0
220.0
200.0
240.0 260.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
AMPLITUDE
(dB
μ
V/m)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure 4. MAX9700 Outputs with No Input Signal
VIN = 0V
OUT-
OUT+
VOUT+ - VOUT- = 0V
Figure 5. MAX9700 Efficiency vs. Class AB Efficiency
0
30
20
10
50
40
90
80
70
60
100
0
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.3
0.5
0.7
EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT POWER
OUTPUT POWER (W)
EFFICIENCY
(%)
MAX9700
CLASS AB
VDD = 3.3V
f = 1kHz
RL - 8
Ω