M
50mA, Frequenc y-S elec table,
S witc hed-Capac itor Voltage Converters
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
______________________________________________________________Pin Desc ription
PIN
NAME
1
FC
Frequency Control, see Table 1
2
C1+
Flying-Capacitor Positive Terminal
3
GND
Ground
7
–———N
Active-Low Shutdown Input. Connect to V
DD
if not
used. Connect to GND to disable the charge pump.
6
LV
Low-Voltage-Operation Input. Connect to GND
for V
DD
< 3V. Connect to GND or leave floating
for V
DD
> 3V.
5
OUT
Negative Output
4
C1-
Flying-Capacitor Negative Terminal
8
V
DD
Positive Input Supply
FUNCTION
Frequency Control, see Table 1
Flying-Capacitor Positive Terminal
Positive Input Supply
Active-Low Shutdown Input. Connect to GND pin if not
used. Connect to OUT to disable the charge pump.
Low-Voltage-Operation Input. Connect to OUT.
Ground
Flying-Capacitor Negative Terminal
Doubled Positive Output
DOUBLER
INVERTER
_______________Detailed Desc ription
The MAX860/MAX861 capacitive charge pumps either
invert or double the voltage applied to their inputs. For
highest performance, use low equivalent series resis-
tance (ESR) capacitors. See the Capacitor Selection
section for more details. The frequency-control (FC) pin
allows you to choose one of three switching frequen-
cies; these three selectable frequencies are different for
each device. When shut down, MAX860/MAX861 cur-
rent consumption reduces to less than 1μA.
Common Applic ations
Voltage Inverter
The most common application for these devices is a
charge-pump voltage inverter (see Typical Operating
Circuits). This application requires only two external com-
ponents—capacitors C1 and C2—plus a bypass capacitor
if necessary (see Bypass Capacitor section). Refer to the
Capacitor Selectionsection for suggested capacitor types
and values.
Even though the MAX860/MAX861’s output is not actively
regulated, it is fairly insensitive to load-current changes. A
circuit output source resistance of 12
(calculated using
the formula given in the Capacitor Selection section)
means that, with a +5V input, the output voltage is -5V
under no load and decreases to -4.4V with a 50mA load.
The MAX860/MAX861 output source resistance (used to
calculate the circuit output source resistance) vs. tempera-
ture and supply voltage are shown in the Typical
Operating Characteristicsgraphs.
Calculate the output ripple voltage using the formula
given in the Capacitor Selectionsection.
Positive Voltage Doubler
The MAX860/MAX861 can also operate as positive volt-
age doublers (see Typical Operating Circuits). This
application requires only two external components,
capacitors C1 and C2. The no-load output is twice the
input voltage. The electrical specifications in the doubler
mode are very similar to those of the inverter mode
except for the Supply Voltage Range (see Electrical
Characteristics table) and No-Load Supply Current (see
graph in Typical Operating Characteristics). The circuit
output source resistance and output ripple voltage are
calculated using the formulas in the Capacitor Selection
section.
When driven low, the –———N
device. In inverter mode, conneinput shuts down the
not used. In doubler mode, connect –———Nto G if it is
is not used. When the device is shut down, all active
circuitry is turned off.
In the inverting configuration, loads connected from
OUT to GND are not powered in shutdown mode.
However, a reverse-current path exists through two
diodes between OUT and GND; therefore, loads con-
nected from V
DD
to OUT draw current from the input
supply.