M
+2.35V to +5.5V, 1μA, 2Tx/2Rx RS-232 Transceivers
with ±15kV ESD-Protected I/O and Logic Pins
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
to IEC 1000-4-2 are generally lower than that measured
using the Human Body Model. Figure 6a shows the IEC
1000-4-2 model, and Figure 6b shows the current
waveform for the ±8kV IEC 1000-4-2 Level 4 ESD
Contact Discharge test.
The Air-Gap test involves approaching the device with
a charged probe. The Contact Discharge method con-
nects the probe to the device before the probe is ener-
gized.
Machine Model
The Machine Model for ESD tests all pins using a
200pF storage capacitor and zero discharge resis-
tance. Its objective is to emulate the stress caused by
contact that occurs with handling and assembly during
manufacturing. All pins require this protection during
manufacturing, not just RS-232 inputs and outputs.
Therefore, after PC board assembly, the Machine
Model is less relevant to I/O ports.
Applications Information
Capacitor Selection
The capacitor type used for C1
–
C4 is not critical for
proper operation. Polarized or nonpolarized capacitors
can be used. The charge pump requires 0.1μF capaci-
tors for +3.3V operation. For other supply voltages, see
Table 2 for required capacitor values. Do not use val-
ues smaller than those listed in Table 2. Increasing the
capacitor values (e.g., by a factor of 2) reduces ripple
on the transmitter outputs and slightly reduces power
consumption. C2, C3, and C4 can be increased without
changing C1
’
s value. However, do not increase C1
without also increasing the values of C2, C3, C4, and
C5 to maintain the proper ratios (C1 to the other capac-
itors).
When using the minimum required capacitor values,
make sure the capacitor value does not degrade
excessively with temperature. If in doubt, use capaci-
tors with a large nominal value. The capacitor
’
s equiva-
lent series resistance (ESR) usually rises at low
temperatures and influences the amount of ripple on
V+ and V-.
Power-Supply Decoupling
In most circumstances, connect a 0.1μF capacitor from
V
CC
to GND. This capacitor is for noise reduction. If the
MAX3380E/MAX3381E are used in a data cable appli-
cation, add a 47μF capacitor from V
CC
to ground. The
47μF capacitor is used to ensure that the current need-
ed during power-up is supplied to the device. In appli-
cations that are sensitive to power-supply noise,
decouple V
CC
to ground with a capacitor of the same
value as charge-pump capacitor C1. Connect bypass
capacitors as close to the IC as possible.
Transmitter Outputs when Recovering
from Shutdown
Figure 7 shows two transmitter outputs when exiting
shutdown mode. As they become active, the two trans-
mitter outputs are shown going to opposite RS-232 lev-
els (one transmitter input is high, the other is low). Each
transmitter is loaded with 3k
in parallel with 1000pF.
The transmitter outputs display no ringing or undesir-
able transients as they come out of shutdown. Note that
the transmitters are enabled only when the magnitude
of V- exceeds approximately 3V.
High Data Rates
The MAX3380E/MAX3381E maintain the RS-232 ±5.0V
minimum transmitter output voltage even at high data
rates. Figure 8 shows a transmitter loopback test cir-
cuit. Figure 9 shows a loopback test result for the
MAX3380E at 460kbps with true RS-232 output voltage
levels (V
CC
= +4.2V). Figure 10 shows the same test
with RS-232-compatible levels (V
CC
= +2.5V). With
data rates as high as 460kbps, the MAX3380E is com-
patible with 2.5-Generation GSM standards.
V
CC
(V)
+2.35 to +3.6
+4.5 to +5.5
+2.35 to +5.5
C1, C5 (μF)
0.1
0.047
0.22
C2, C3, C4 (μF)
0.1
0.33
1
Table 2. Minimum Required Capacitor
Values
V
CC
= 3.3V, C1–C4 = 0.1
μ
F, C
LOAD
= 1000pF
4
μ
s/div
5V/div
2V/div
T2OUT
T1OUT
6V
FORCEON =
FORCEOFF
5V
0
6V
0
Figure 7. Transmitter Outputs when Recovering from Shutdown
or Powering Up