
BATTERY CHARGE MANAGEMENT
A charge management system allowing safe charge and
maintenance of a Li-Ion battery is implemented on the
LP3923. It has a CC/CV linear charge capability with pro-
grammable battery regulation voltage and end of charging
current threshold. A maintenance mode utilizing pro-
grammable restart voltage levels enables the battery voltage
to be maintained at the correct level. The charging current in
the constant voltage mode is programmable from 50 mA to
1.2A in 50 mA steps.
If PMU is started without a battery, and the battery is attached
later, the charging current should be programmed once more;
otherwise, the charging current will be the same as without a
battery.
If the battery is deeply depleted and the overdischarge pro-
tection circuit is active, during startup the charger may detect
that the battery is not present. This can cause the charger to
select a non-default charging current (LDO mode default
charging current).
CHARGER FUNCTION
Following the correct detection of an input voltage at the
charger pin the charger enters a pre-charge mode. In this
mode a constant current of 50 mA is available to charge the
battery to 2.8V. At this voltage level the charge management
applies the full rate constant current to raise the battery volt-
age to the termination voltage level (default 4.2V). The full-
rate charging current may be programmed to a different level
at this stage. When termination voltage (VTERM) is reached,
the charger is in constant voltage mode and a constant volt-
age of 4.2V is maintained. This mode is complete when the
end of charging current (default 0.15C) is detected and the
charge management enters the maintenance mode. In main-
tenance mode the battery voltage is monitored for the restart
level (default VTERM - 100 mV) and the charge cycle is re-
initiated to re-establish the termination voltage level.
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
The Thermal Shutdown (TSD) function monitors the chip tem-
perature to protect the chip from temperature damage
caused, for example, by excessive power dissipation. If the
temperature exceeds a higher threshold value of +160°C, the
TSD_H bit in the Register 0x0C is set, and the chip will auto-
matically run the Power Down sequence.
The restart operation after Thermal Shutdown can be initiated
only after the chip has cooled down to the +90C threshold.
The APU_TSD_EN bit in the Register 0x1C is controlling the
restart. If this bit is cleared (default) then a Power On se-
quence is initiated normally through PWR_ON, CHG_IN or
VBUS. If APU_TSD_EN is written to logic 1 then an automatic
Power Up sequence is initiated. All register settings pre-
served in such case. Power On can be activated only if the
junction temperature is less than the early warning lower
threshold +90°C.
The temperature monitoring function has two charger thresh-
old values that result in protective actions. When a lower
threshold of +105°C is exceeded, the TSD_L bit in Register
0x0C will be set, bit will reset it if the temperature has de-
creased to lower than 15C below the threshold.
When a upper charger threshold of +115C is exceeded, the
charger will reduce charging current to protect the chip.
Parameter
Typ
Unit
Higher Threshold
*)
160
°C
Charger Early
Warning *)
105
°C
Early Warning
Hysteresis *)
15
°C
Charger Thermal
Regulation
115
°C
*) Guaranteed by design.
TERMINATION AND RESTART
The termination and restart voltage levels are determined by
the data in the VTERM[1:0] and PROG_VSTRT[1:0] bits in
the control register. The restart voltage is programmed rela-
tive to the selected termination voltage.
19
www.national.com
LP3923