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| 型號(hào)： | ID2012 |
| 英文描述： | Lightning & EMP Protection Devices |
| 中文描述： | 閃電 |
| 文件頁(yè)數(shù)： | 1/4頁(yè) |
| 文件大?。?/td> | 56K |
| 代理商： | ID2012 |
M/A-COM, Inc.
North America:
Tel. (800) 366-2266
Fax (800) 618-8883
I
Asia/Pacific:
Tel.
Fax
+85 2 2375 0618
+85 2 2375 0350
I
Europe: Tel.
+44 (1344) 869 595
Fax +44 (1344) 300 020
1
Specifications Subject to Change Without Notice.
Lightning and
EMP Protection Devices
ID 2012
V3.00
Introduction
M/ A -COM has developed a unique series of
Lightning and EMP protection devices for use in cellular
infrastructure including GSM, DCS 1800, and PCS 1900
systems. These devices are designed to offer the cellular
operator protection against EMP (electro-magnetic
pulses) caused by lightning strikes. Direct or even near
strikes produce fast rising electric fields within micro-
seconds. These fields generate high voltage pulses
through unprotected antennas and transmission lines
which lead to the primary communication equipment.
High voltage pulses can cause extensive damage leading
to costly repairs as well as significant loss of service to
subscribers. These protective devices come in two
different categories: surge protectors and quarter wave
stub tuners. The intent of this application note is to
comprehensively explain how the devices work, the
electrical parameters of each system, and how to choose
the device best suited to your application.
Surge Protectors
These devices incorporate Gas Discharge Tube (GDT)
technology. A GDT is a hermetically sealed tube
containing an inert gas. The tube is inserted in the side of
the device through an easily accessible weather sealed
port. During normal operation the tube is inactive. When
an installation is struck by lightning, a high voltage
impulse will appear on the coaxial line. As the impulse
amplitude rises, a level is reached where the impulse
surpasses the dynamic voltage threshold of the tube and
the electrodes arc over to discharge the energy to ground.
Prior to activation of the tube, there will be a short period
of time where energy will be present on the line. This
RESIDUA L PULSE is equal to the dynamic voltage
threshold of the tube. The maximum impulse voltage a
tube can handle without discharging is referred to as the
IMPULSE SPARKOVER VOLTAGE. This capacity of the
GDT is quoted as follows:
In the case of the above chart, the voltage will rise at
one kilovolt per microsecond and the tube will fire after
650 nanoseconds. During activation a small percentage of
voltage (called ARC VOLTAGE) will still pass through.
This will be approximately 20 volts. When the pulse
subsides, the tube again becomes inactive leaving a small
RESIDUA L VOLTA GE on the line. A direct lightning
strike results in an impulse current of high amplitude.
The capability of a device to protect a system is defined
as the IMPULSE DISCHARGE CURRENT rating. This is
defined as the peak current of an impulse which the
device can withstand ten times (5 at each polarity at fixed
intervals) without affecting the device. MA XIMUM
IMPULSE DISCHARGE CURRENT is the peak current of
an impulse the device can withstand once.
Surge protectors are often used in applications
requiring a standing DC line voltage. This is typical in
applications with mast top electronics. The maximum
voltage capacity of a surge protector prior to it
surpassing the static voltage threshold and discharging it
to ground is defined as its D.C. SPARKOVER VOLTAGE.
This capacity is quoted as follows:
Characteristic
Impulse
sparkover
voltage
Symbol
U
zdyn
Definition
Dynamic
voltage
threshold
Impulse Typical Value
1kV/
μ
S
650V
Characteristic
d.c.
sparkover
voltage
Symbol
U
zstat
Definition
Static
voltage
threshold
Impulse Typical Value
n/ a
230V
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